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| About site: http://www.afghan-network.net/Culture/buzkashi.html |
Title: Equestrian/Buzkashi - National Sport - Bozkashi Article by Larry B. Lambert.
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National Sport- Bozkashi  Afghan Sport: BuzkashiBy Larry B. Lambert  Afghan men carry the carcass of a headless goat towards the goal during a traditional game of Buzkashi in Kabul, Friday, Feb. 28, 2003. Buzkashi means 'goat-grabbing' in the Dari language, which is widely spoken in Afghanistan. The object of the game is to try to snatch the 150-pound (nearly 70-kilogram) carcass from the center of the field and carry it to a scoring area. (AP Photo) "The ancient gameof Buzkashi is part of Afghan life and is offered as a primer to thatend. It has little to do with politics but much to do with the spiritof the place."Buzkashi is a game that dates itself into Afghan antiquity. Thename Buzkashi, literally translated means "goat killing" suggest itwas derived from hunting mountain goats by champions on horseback.Today the rider (or team) who is able to pitch a dead calf across agoal line first wins. The game may last as long as a week and is asfree-wheeling as the Afghan spirit.Legend has it Buzkashi was played for the first time in the Oxusbasin. The Turkic peoples and others who migrated from the steppes toAfghanistan domesticated the horse and used to as a mobile weaponsplatform for combat. Two types of horses are indigenous toAfghanistan. The "qataghan" is a sturdy pony known for strength andendurance. The other is larger and is raised in the steppes of Faryaband Balkh. Both breeds are used in Buzkashi. Only male stud horsesare used in the game.Buzkashi horses require special training in order to be successfulin the game. Should the rider be thrown or dismount, the horse waits.A trained horse will gallop with terrific speed as soon as thehorseman snatches the carcass of a calf in order to gain an edge inthe game. The horses are said to enjoy the game as much as theriders. The price of trained horses range 20,000 Afghanis and 100,000 Afghanis in pre-jihad Afghanis. If one was to pay in a more valuableinternational currency, they could be had today for between $700.00and $2,500.00.Buzkashi horses are fed oats at regular intervals. A few daysprior to Buzkashi, the trainer keeps the horse hungry for part of theday and rides it daily a fairly long distance. This is meant tosoften the horse and make it slightly lean to avoid busting whenunder excessive strains.Horsemen call their animals after their natural colour. Forinstance, a grey horse is called "t'Aragh"; an ash blond horse isreferred to as "samand"; a red horse as "jayran"; and a white one as"qezel" or "buz".Horsemanship in Afghanistan was customary during the Vedic times.The people in the Oxus basin domesticated the horse in order todefend their homeland against the marauding cavalry of enemy tribeswhile herding their flocks.When horsemen practiced in ancient times, their relatives watchedthem. At night, the horsemen critiqued each other and correctederrors on the next day's ride. When fighting on horseback witharchery fell into disuse, the horse come to be viewed as a means oftransport in the first place and a vehicle to play Buzkashi in thesecond.Wrestling matches always accompany Buzkashi because usually a handto hand fight followed a cavalry campaign. A successful horseman hadto be strong and adept enough to beat his opponents on the ground aswell. Wrestling is considered as an ancient game like Buzkashi and itis practiced on sunny days in the Spring. It is very popular amongthe people in northern Afghanistan where every move made by a popularwrestler causes such a great excitement among the crowds. Young menwear "chapan" (cloak-like garments) and wind shorter turbans aroundtheir waists. They wrestle bare-headed. No foul play is allowedaccording to unwritten rules of the fames. Biting is considered verybad form.  A US Soldier in a Buzkashi match in Afghanistan. Photo Dated: December 18, 2001. AP Photo Afghans remember the stories of famous horses, horsemen and greatbattles in which the latter displayed their mettle as adept horsemenand wrestlers. Buskashi is regarded as an imitation of ancient battles. The peoples of Balkh, Badakhshan, Takhar, Kunduz, Baghlan,Samangan, Juzjan, and Faryab are known to be good at Buzkashi. It isis played on special occasions such as weddings, the Eid, the newyear day and at local carnivals.At fairs every horseback rider can participate in the game. It isa free for all where riders help their friends by whippingcompetitor's horses so they are unable to make the pitch. It is amelee which is richly enjoyed. Only champions of Buzkashi participatein important matches. They are taken very seriously and there is muchless "horse play."Buzkashi horsemen wear thick hats, quilted dresses, long boots andwind strong scarves around their waists.In the Pamirs, Buzkashi games are played only in summer tocelebrate weddings but elsewhere, there is no set time. Buzkashi isplayed on a level field covered with snow. To spite the cold andsnow, everyone turns out to watch the match. They get very excitedwhen the calf is brought to the pitch and fights between spectatorsare not uncommon. The women watch from roof-tops.Traditionally, a calf is beheaded, the legs are cut off at theknee and its entrails are removed. The carcass of the calf is thensoaked in cold water for 24 hours before the game so that it may betough enough to withstand the tugging that takes place. When there isno calf available, a goat is used instead.Winners are awarded prizes of "chapan", turbans, cash or rifles.The riders may not own the horses they ride in competition. Most ofthe Buzkashi horses belong to men who can afford to buy them and hiretrainers. Usually, the owner of the horseman also awards the horsemana prize, as his horse gains fame in victory. An adept horseman cangenerally get any horse he wants to use in an important Buzkashi match.According to unwritten rules of the game, nobody can tie the carcass to his saddle or hit his opponent on the hand to snatch thecalf. Likewise, tripping an opponent by using the rope is forbidden.Buzkashi continues until a team is announced the winner. At theend of the game, a horse race is arranged which is known as 'paiga' .Horses used in paiga races are different from those meant for Buzkashi. Younger boys are not allowed to participate in such racesbecause race horses are not saddled. Some ride their mounts bare-backand others use a thin saddle blanket.Horsemen are frequently carried away and in their excitement theywill bump, hit and jar opponents. When they return, they are usuallybruised or have a broken limb. Sometimes, they choose a site forpitch near a river and a few horsemen conspire to drown theiropponents. The Afghans play for very high stakes and take the gamevery seriously. It is not uncommon for riders to continue in the gamewith cracked ribs, broken limbs and various head injuries. |
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http://www.afghan-network.net/Culture/buzkashi.html
National Sport - Bozkashi 2008 November
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Article by Larry B. Lambert.
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