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| About site: Cycling/FAQs, Help, and Tutorials - Spoke Length Formula and Wheel Lacing Information |
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| About site: http://www.geocities.com/spokeanwheel/ |
Title: Cycling/FAQs, Help, and Tutorials - Spoke Length Formula and Wheel Lacing Information Gives the formula to calculate the spoke length for any spoked wheel. Explains how to take the necessary measurements. Also provides wheel lacing, building, and related cycling information.
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Spoke Length Formula with Wheel Lacing and Building
Information
SPOKE LENGTH FORMULABASED ON HUB AND RIMMEASUREMENTS, WITH
WHEEL LACING ANDBUILDING INFORMATION
This Web site covers the formula for calculating spoke length based on the
measurements of the hub and rim. At the bottom of this page are the links to
the related pages of this site. Included is a
WHEEL BUILDING page that has a link to the best wheel building site I
found on the Internet that could help out an inexperienced builder, and a
LINKS page that has links to other Web sites that are cycling related
and can provide anyone with information about bicycles and cycling.
Throughout this site, text in red is usually
links to other pages of the site, like the two just above, and sometimes
links to other Web sites.
In order to be able to use the spoke length formula, you will need to be able
to take measurements in millimeters (mm), preferably with a Metric tape
measure, and you will need a calculator that can do square roots. If you
only have an English tape measure, the numbers can be converted to Metric.
A scientific calculator that can handle the cosine (COS) function
would also be handy, but if you do not have one with the COS function
I have included a page that has the COS figures for the most common
hubs, this is the
COSINE page. A page explaining the measurements that are needed, and how
to convert from English to Metric is part of this site, it is very important
that the measurements are done properly for the formula to be accurate, this
is the
MEASURE page. It is recommended that you look over this page before
playing around with the formula to see what the measurements entail and what
things to check for before starting. This page also tells how to compensate
for rear rims that have offset and how to check for rims that have a large
amount of spoke hole stagger from the center line that can affect the spoke
length values.
There are compensations that need to be made to the calculated spoke length
to figure out the proper spokes to get for your wheel. This is due to the
fact that spokes stretch under tension. Different lacing patterns and the
placement of the spoke (rear drive, non drive, or front) affects the build
tension of the spokes, thus their length. These compensations are detailed
in the
SPOKE LENGTH TOLERANCE chapter of the
LACING page. You must follow this information even if you know all of the
needed values below, otherwise the spokes can end up being too long.
This site was designed around the bicycle wheels used on racing and mountain
bikes, but the information applies to any laced wheel. Single speed and BMX
bicycle wheels, tricycle wheels, wheelchair wheels, and motorcycle wheels
all can use this formula to determine spoke length, mathematically there is
no difference. It can also be used to determine spoke length for wheels for
bike trailers, motorcycle sidecars and baby joggers. Any wheel built with
spokes can have the spoke length calculated with this formula.
This site was initially constructed to help someone who is building a wheel
using vintage or unusual components that aren't listed in spoke length
tables. It can also help someone that wishes to calculate the length needed
for building non typical wheels, for instance bicycle wheels laced with the
Crow's Foot pattern that isn't listed in most spoke length calculators, or
wheels for a wheelchair that have the rims off center. Or it can help
someone who just wants to calculate spoke length so they don't have to ask
down at a bike shop and rely on someone else every time they want to build a
new wheel.
This site also has an extensive
LACING page that covers many aspects about different lacing patterns.
This page is divided into ten chapters that discuss everything from general
lacing information to specific rear wheel information including lacing
patterns that make for stronger rear wheels. This page also has a
CUSTOM LACING PATTERNS chapter that has information about semi-custom
patterns (unusual, but done by others), and information on how to design
your own fully custom pattern. Included in this chapter are downloadable BMP
images of 24, 28, 32, 36, and
48 spoke wheel blanks that can be used to design a lacing pattern and figure
out the effective length of the spokes (to aid in calculating the proper
spoke lengths). The information on this page will be valuable to anyone
interested in learning about spoked wheels.
The formula works off of trigonometry law of right triangles, the length of
the longest side squared equals the sum of the squares of the two shorter
sides. It also uses the cosine factor of right triangles, which is dependent
on the number of spokes in the wheel and the lacing pattern. I have included
a page that explains all of this in more detail, the
TRIG page. In addition to explaining how trigonometry applies to the
formula, this page explains the basic physics of a spoked wheel and how the
major weight bearing and road stresses and shocks affect a spoked wheel.
For spokes laced radially from the hub, the formula is simple because all you
need to know is the radius at the rim, the radius at the hub and the hub
flange's offset from the hubs center. For cross laced patterns, the formula
is more complex because in addition to the above, you also need to figure in
the distances of both the horizontal and vertical displacement of the spoke
at the hub, which is related to where the spoke would go if it was laced
radially and the Cosine value of the spoke hole on the hub. Here are the two
formulas:
RADIAL SPOKE FORMULA
CROSS LACED SPOKE FORMULA
WHAT THE ABBREVIATIONS STAND FOR IS:
SL =
Spoke
Length
RRSP =
Rim
Radius plus
Spoke
Penetration
HSR =
Hub
Spoke
Radius
SAA =
Spoke
Anchor
Angle
HFO =
Hub
Flange
Offset
WHAT THEY MEAN IS:
The SL is the calculated value
of the spoke length you are looking for.
The RRSP is the radius of the
inside of the rim plus the penetration of the spoke into the rim, which is
half of the ERD (Effective Rim Diameter) value some rim manufacturer's
give plus 2mm for the spokes penetration into the nipple (1/2 ERD + 2).
The HSR is the radius of the spoke
holes on the hub. The radius needed is not of the centers of the holes but
of their outer most edge.
The SAA is the angle of the spoke
hole in the hub that the spoke will connect to, in relation to the spoke
hole in the hub that is directly in line with the spoke hole in the rim
where the spoke connects. It is dependent upon the lacing pattern. Radial
wheels don't have any crosses so the anchor spoke hole of the hub is
directly in line with this hole in the rim and the SAA is 0.
The HFO is the distance from the
hubs flanges to the hubs center. On most front, or other non dished wheels,
this is simply the distance between the flanges divided by two. For wheels
with dish like most rear wheels, or for a wheel you would like to build off
center, this is different for each side of the hub.
---- NOTICE ----
I have used five non-standard fonts in creation of this site. If you do not
have these fonts, these pages will not look exactly like the way I created
them (they will still be readable, just in the wrong font). While this is
just a minor detail, I have these five font's available to you. Most
Windows® versions 98 or newer should have these
fonts. I am not sure if they work on an Apple®
systems, I don't have access to an Apple®
computer to test them out. If the following examples don't look different
than the "STANDARD" font at the top, you don't have that font. If you select
"DOWNLOAD" below the fonts, you will download a Zip file which has all of
the fonts in compressed format. I know in
Windows® systems the font files go in the
Fonts directory located in the main Windows directory. If you
don't have PKZip® software, I included a link
access to PKWare which has free public versions available. After you
extract the needed font from the Zip file place them in your Fonts
directory. Here are the five fonts:
STANDARD: The Quick Lazy Fox
ALGERIAN: The Quick Lazy Fox
ARIAL: The Quick Lazy Fox
BOOKMAN: The Quick Lazy Fox
COMIC: The Quick Lazy Fox
VERDANA: The Quick Lazy Fox
Select here to download the fonts.
Select here to go to PKWare.
OTHER PAGES
This site was created and is maintained by Robert Torre. It is my opinion
that the Bicycle was the apex of mans development of individual
transportation. Cars rely on many components and concepts originally
designed for bicycles, like rubber tires, and metal chains (all timing
chains are a development of the bike chain). The first cars were essentially
large motorized tricycles, and used drive chains. Drive shafts were also
developed for bikes in the 1800's, before they were used in cars. Bikes
outsell cars 3 to 1 around the world, and move far more people every day.
Professionally I am a photographer, and here is a link to my on-line
portfolio:
If you're located in the San Francisco Bay or Monterey Bay area, and need a
photographer for anything please visit my site. I can do everything from
commercial and advertising work, to architecture, to portrait and boudoir.
I have won many awards with my art photography. I also have a gallery of
artistic nudes that show the beauty of a woman, if you are over 18 you can
visit the gallery here;
Art Gallery.
If you have any problems, comments, questions or suggestions about this
site you can e-mail me at
user = 'spokeanwheel';
site = 'yahoo.com';
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Gives | the | formula | to | calculate | the | spoke | length | for | any | spoked | wheel. | Explains | how | to | take | the | necessary | measurements. | Also | provides | wheel | lacing, | building, | and | related | cycling | information. |
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http://www.geocities.com/spokeanwheel/
Spoke Length Formula and Wheel Lacing Information 2008 November
dvd rental
dvd
Gives the formula to calculate the spoke length for any spoked wheel. Explains how to take the necessary measurements. Also provides wheel lacing, building, and related cycling information.
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