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Liste Inverse anglaise   Glossary of termsCrédit : nous avons largement utilisé le glossaire de Morgan Burke, que l'on peut trouver dans la FAQ du forum sur l'escrime. Les traductions sont de notre cru. Absence of blade : Absence de fer. when the blades are not touching; opposite ofengagement. Advance : Marche. a movement forward by step, cross, or balestra. Aids : Aides. the last three fingers of the sword hand. Assault : Assaut, Combat. friendly combat between two fencers. Attack : Attaque. the initial offensive action made by extending the swordarm andcontinuously threatening the valid target of the opponent. Attack au Fer : Attaque au fer an attack that is prepared by deflecting theopponent'sblade, eg. beat, froissement, pressure. Balestra : Balestra a forward hop or jump, typically followed by an attacksuch as alunge or fleche. Bayonet : Connecteur à baïonnette a type of electrical connector for weapons. Beat : Battement an attempt to knock the opponent's blade aside or out of lineby usingone's foible or middle against the opponent's foible. Bind : Liement an action in which the opponent's blade is forced into thediagonallyopposite line. Black Card : Carton noir used to indicate the most serious offences in a fencingcompetition. The offending fencer is usually expelled from the event ortournament. Bout : Match an assault at which the score is kept. Broadsword : Estramaçon a military sword and fencing weapon popular in the18th-19thcenturies, similar to a heavy sabre; any straight-bladed, double- edged, single-handed cutting sword of the post-medieval period. Broken Time : Changement de Rythme a sudden change in the tempo of one fencer's actions,used tofool the opponent into responding at the wrong time. Button : Mouche; Bouton the safety tip on the end of practice swords. Change of Engagement : Changement d'engagement engagement of the opponent's blade in theopposite line. Compound : Attaque composée ou parade composée also composed; an attack or riposte incorporating oneor morefeints to the opposite line that the action finishes in. Conversation : Conversation the back-and-forth play of the blades in a fencingmatch,composed of phrases (phrases d'armes) punctuated by gaps of no blade action. Corps-a-corps : Corps à corps lit. "body-to-body"; physical contact between thetwofencers during a bout, illegal in foil and sabre. Counter-attack : Contre-attaque an attack made against the right-of-way, or inresponse tothe opponent's attack. Counter-disengage : Contre-dégagement a disengage in the opposite direction, todeceive thecounter-parry. Counter-parry : Contre-parade a parry made in the opposite line to the attack; ie.thedefender first comes around to the opposite side of the opponent's blade. Counter-riposte : Contre-riposte an attack that follows a parry of the opponent'sriposte. Counter-time : Contre-temps an attack that responds to the opponent's counter-attack,typically a riposte following the parry of the counter-attack. Coulé : Coulé also graze, glise', or glissade; an attack or feint that slidesalong theopponent's blade. Coup lancé : See flick ;"Coup déjà lancé" (Art. 32.2; 46; 47) : a launched hit; an attack that starts before a stop inplay butlands after. Valid for normal halts, but not valid at end of time. Coupé : Coupé also cut-over; an attack or deception that passes aroundtheopponent's tip. Croisé : Croisé also semi-bind; an action in which the opponent's blade isforcedinto the high or low line on the same side. Cross : Passe avant, passe arrière an advance or retreat by crossing one leg over the other;also passe'avant (forward cross), passe' arriere (backwards cross). Cut : Coup de taille an attack made with a chopping motion of the blade, landingwith theedge or point. Deception : Dérobement avoidance of an attempt to engage the blades; seedisengage,coupe' Derobement : Dérobement deception of the attack au fer or prise de fer. Direct : Coup droit an attack or riposte that finishes in the same line in which itwasformed, with no feints out of that line. Disengage : Dégagement a circular movement of the blade that deceives theopponent'sparry, removes the blades from engagement, or changes the line of engagement. Displacement : Esquive moving the target to avoid an attack; dodging. Double : Coup double in epee, two attacks that arrive within 40-50 ms of eachother. Doublé : Doublé an attack or riposte that describes a complete circlearound theopponent's blade, and finishes in the opposite line. Dry : Fleuret (épée, sabre) mécanique also steam; fencing without electric scoring aids. Engagement : Engagement when the blades are in contact with each other, eg.during aparry, attack au fer, prise de fer, or coule'. En Garde : En garde also On Guard; the fencing position; the stance thatfencersassume when preparing to fence. Envelopment : Enveloppement an engagement that sweeps the opponent's bladethrough afull circle. Epee : Épée a fencing weapon with triangular cross-section blade and alarge bellguard; also a light duelling sword of similar design, popular in the mid-19thcentury. False : Fausse attaque an action that is intended to fail, but draw a predictedreaction fromthe opponent; also, the back edge of a sabre blade. Feint : Feinte attacking into one line with the intention of switching toanother linebefore the attack is completed. Fencing Time : Temps d'escrime also temps d'escrime; the time required to completea single,simple fencing action. FIE : FIE (Fédération Internationale d'Escrime) Federation Internationale d'Escrime, the world governingbody offencing. Finta in tempo : Finta in tempo lit. "feint in time"; a feint of counter-attack thatdraws acounter-time parry, which is decieved. Fleche : Flèche lit. "arrow"; an attack in which the aggressor leaps off hisleadingfoot, attempts to make the hit, and then passes the opponent at a run. Flick : Coup lancé, "Bingo" a cut-like action that lands with the point, often involvingsome whipof the foible of the blade to "throw" the point around a block or otherobstruction. Florentine : Combat à la florentine a fencing style where a secondary weapon or otherinstrument isused in the off hand. Flying Parry or Riposte : a parry with a backwards glide and ripostebycut-over. Foible : Le faible de la lame the upper, weak part of the blade. Foil : Fleuret a fencing weapon with rectangular cross-section blade and asmall bellguard; any sword that has been buttoned to render it less dangerous forpractice. Forte : Le fort de la lame the lower, strong part of the blade. French Grip : Poignée droite a traditional hilt with a slightly curved grip and a largepommel. Froissement : Froissement an attack that displaces the opponent's blade by astronggrazing action. Glide : Coulé see coule'. Guard : Coquille the metal cup or bow that protects the hand from being hit.Also,the defensive position assumed when not attacking. Hilt : Garde the handle of a sword, consisting of guard, grip, andpommel. Homologated : Homologué certified for use in FIE competitions, eg. 800Nclothing andmaraging blades. In Quartata : In quartata an attack made with a quarter turn to the inside,concealingthe front but exposing the back. In Time : Coup de temps when a stop-hit arrives at least one fencing time before theoriginalattack. Indirect : Attaque indirecte an attack or riposte that finishes in the opposite line towhich itwas formed, by means of a disengage or coupe'. Insistence : Coup droit d'autorité forcing an attack through the parry. Interception : a counter-attack that intercepts and checks an indirectattackor other disengagement. Invitation : Invite a line that is intentionally left open to encourage theopponent toattack. Italian Grip : Poignée italienne a traditional hilt with finger rings and crossbar. Jury : Jury the 4 officials who watch for hits in a dry fencing bout. Lamé : Plastron électrique a metallic vest/jacket used to detect valid touches in foil andsabre. Line : Ligne the main direction of an attack (eg., high/low, inside/outside),oftenequated to the parry that must be made to deflect the attack; also point in line. Lunge : Fente an attack made by extending the rear leg and landing on thebentfront leg. Mal-parry : Parade insuffisante also mal-paré; a parry that fails to prevent the attackfromlanding. Manipulators : Manipulateurs the thumb and index finger of the sword hand. Maraging : Maraging a special steel used for making blades; said to bestronger andbreak more cleanly than conventional steels. Marker Points : an old method of detecting hits using inkedpoints. Martingale : Martingale a strap that binds the grip to the wrist/forearm. Match : Match the aggregate of bouts between two fencing teams. Measure : Mesure the distance between the fencers. Middle : Milieu de la lame the middle third of the blade, between foible and forte. Neuvieme : "Septime haute" an unconventional parry (#9) sometimes described asbladebehind the back, pointing down (a variant of octave), other times similar to elevatedsixte. Octave : Octave parry #8; blade down and to the outside, wristsupinated. Opposition : Opposition holding the opponent's blade in a non-threatening line;a time-hit; any attack or counter-attack with opposition. Parry : Parade a block of the attack, made with the forte of one's ownblade. Pass : Dépassement an attack made with a cross; eg. fleche, "Russian lunge".Also, the actof moving past the opponent. Passata-sotto : Passata Sotto a lunge made by dropping one hand to the floor. Passé : Coup passé an attack that passes the target without hitting; also a cross-step (seecross). Phrase : Phrases d'armes a set of related actions and reactions in a fencingconversation. Piste : Piste the linear strip on which a fencing bout is fought; approx. 2mwideand 14m long. Pistol Grip : Crosse; poignée orthopédique a modern, orthopaedic grip, shaped vaguely like asmall pistol;varieties are known by names such as Belgian, German, Russian, and Visconti. Plaqué : Coup plaqué a point attack that lands flat. Plastron : Plastron a partial jacket worn for extra protection; typically a half-jacketworn under the main jacket on the weapon-arm side of the body. Point : Touche a valid touch; the tip of the sword; an attack made with thepoint (ie.a thrust) Point in Line : Menace also line; an extended arm and blade that threatenstheopponent. Pommel : Pommeau a fastener that attaches the grip to the blade. Preparation : Préparation the initial phase of an attack, before right-of-way isestablished. Presentation : offering one's blade for engagement by theopponent. Press : Presser v. pression an attempt to push the opponent's blade aside or out of line;depending on the opponent's response, the press is followed by a direct or indirectattack. Prime : Prime parry #1; blade down and to the inside, wrist pronated. Principle of Defence : Principe de défense the use of forte against foible whenparrying. Priority : Priorité in sabre, the now-superceded rules that decide whichfencer willbe awarded the touch in the event that they both attack simultaneously; also usedsynonymously with right-of-way. Prise de Fer : Prise de fer also taking the blade; an engagement of the bladesthat forcesthe opponent's weapon into a new line. See : bind, croise, envelopment,opposition. Quarte : Quarte parry #4; blade up and to the inside, wrist supinated. Quinte : Quinte parry #5; blade up and to the inside, wrist pronated. Insabre, theblade is held above the head to protect from head cuts. Rapier : Rapière a long, double-edged thrusting sword popular in the 16th-17thcenturies. Red Card : Carton rouge used to indicate repeated minor rule infractions or amajor ruleinfraction by one of the fencers; results in a point being given to the otherfencer. Redoublement : Redoublement a new action that follows an attack that missed orwasparried; see also Reprise. Referee : Arbitre, Président also director, president; the mediator of the fencingbout. Remise : Remise immediate replacement of an attack that missed or wasparried,without withdrawing the arm. Reprise : Reprise renewal of an attack that missed or was parried, after areturn toen-garde; see also Redoublement. Retreat : Retraite step back; opposite of advance. Right-of-way : Raison, Priorité rules for awarding the point in the event of a doubletouch infoil or sabre. Riposte : Riposte an attack made immediately after a parry of the opponent'sattack. Sabre : Sabre a fencing weapon with a flat blade and knuckle guard, usedwithcutting or thrusting actions; a military sword popular in the 18th to 20th centuries;any cutting sword used by cavalry. Salle : Salle d'armes a fencing hall or club. Salute : Salut with the weapon, a customary acknowledgement of one'sopponentand referee at the start and end of the bout. Second Intention : Seconde intention a false action used to draw a response from theopponent, which will open the opportunity for the intended action that follows,typically a counter-riposte. Seconde : Seconde parry #2; blade down and to the outside, wristpronated. Septime : Septime parry #7; blade down and to the inside, wristsupinated. Simple : Attaque simple an attack (or riposte) that involves no feints. Simultaneous : Attaques simultanées in foil and sabre, two attacks for which the right-of-way istoo close to determine. Single Stick : Canne a form of fencing with basket-hilted woodensticks. Sixte : Sixte parry #6; blade up and to the outside, wrist supinated. Small Sword : Dague a light duelling sword popular in the 18th century,precursorto the foil. Stop Hit : Coup d'arrêt a counter-attack that hits; also a counter-attack whosetouch isvalid by virtue of it's timing. Stop Cut : Coup d'arrêt a stop-hit with the edge in sabre, typically to thecuff. Three Prong : "Fil de corps épée" a type of epee body wire/connector; also an old-fashioned tipthat would snag clothing, to make it easier to detect hits in the pre-electric era. Thrown Point : Coup lancé, "bingo" a "flick". Thrust : Coup de pointe, coup d'estoc an attack made by moving the sword parallel to its lengthandlanding with the point. Tierce : Tierce parry #3; blade up and to the outside, wrist pronated. Time Hit : Coup de temps also time-thrust; old name for stop hit withopposition. Trompement : Trompement deception of the parry. Two Prong : "Fil de corps fleuret / sabre" a type of body-wire/connector, used in foil andsabre. Whip-over : Coup fouetté in sabre, a touch that results from the foible of thebladewhipping over the opponent's guard or blade when parried. Whites : "Tenue" fencing clothing. Yellow Card : Carton jaune also advertissement, warning; used to indicate aminor ruleinfraction by one of the fencers. Retour à l'index - Invite : Laissez-nous un mot pour signaler votre visite. -Dictionnaire © La Maison de l'escrime - Brussels -Réalisation : Synec.doc |
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